Essay - Child or Educational the Psychological Concerns Behind Extrinsic Motivation Extrinsic...

Child or Educational

The Psychological Concerns Behind Extrinsic Motivation

Extrinsic motivation, or the giving of external rewards f***** good behavior, is something that has been discussed and debated *****or many years when it comes to a cl*****ssroom setting and young children. According to the National Education Association, when a student expects a reward this can undermine ***** creativity that is seen and the intrinsic motivation that the *****s have. Therefore it ***** believed that the expectation of a rew*****rd should be avoided (Cameron & Pierce, 1996). However, looking at information in other psychological writings indicates that there is actually a much more balanced view of the various effects that rewards have on students (Bernstein, 1990). This is very encouraging because *****re are ***** findings in ***** area that work to support the effectiveness of different reinforcement procedures within the classroom and there are significant numbers ***** researchers ***** have criticized the literature that has been published stating how damaging extrinsic rewards can be. Research into this particular issue has also been d*****e on learning-disabled stu*****nts (Cavalier, Ferretti, ***** Hodges, 1997) and on m*****keys (Davis, Settlage, & Harlow, 1950).

With this in mind, the proposed hypothesis for the study that the researcher will undertake is as follows: 'Extrinsic motivation, when used properly and coupled with ***** motivation, poses no harm to students in a ***** setting.' Since past research has indicated that ***** may be ***** case, the *****er *****lieves that the hypothesis will be supported ***** the ***** study. However, continued study of this ***** is important, as not all researchers agree on the *****sue ***** not all p*****t research indicates that *****re is no harm in extrinsic reward systems ***** are used in classroom sett*****gs.

Works Cited

Bernstein, D. J. (1990). Of carrots and sticks: A review of ********** and Ryan's Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. Journal of Experimental Analys***** of Behavior, 54, 323-332.

*****, J., & Pierce, W. D. (*****). The debate about rewards and intrinsic motivation: Protests and accusations do not alter the results. Review of *****al *****, 66, 39-51.

*****, A. R., Ferretti, *****. P., & Hodges, A. E. (1997). Self-management ********** a classroom *****ken economy for students with learning disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 18, 167-178.

Davis, R. T., Settlage, P. H., ***** Harlow, H. F. (*****). Performance of normal and brain-operated monkeys on mechanical puzzles with ***** *****out food incentives. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 7,