Essay - Emile Durkheim Durkheim Views Society as Having Two Types of...

Emile Durkheim

Durkheim views society as having two types of solidarity. One type ***** which is called the mechanical solidarity and the o*****r is called ***** organic Solidarity. Mechanical solidarity, according to Durkheim, is the basic form of ***** that makes society an "organ*****m" as intact rather than just an ensemble of the parts. On the other hand, organic solidarity refers to the social glue ***** is the outcome ***** ***** division of labor in the modern *****. Below we define ***** differences bet*****en these kinds of the solidarities.

***** Solidarity - Durkheim argues that mechanical ***** is the ***** cohesion based upon the likeness and similarities among individuals in a society, and it ***** largely dependent on comm***** rituals and routines. This kind of solidarity is common ***** prehistoric and pre-agricultural societies and lessens in as modernity *****creases.

Organic Solidarity - Durkheim argues in the advanced societies social cohesion is ***** upon ***** dependence of individuals on each other. As the ***** progress, the mechanical ***** begins to change into organic solidarity. If *****e person were to die, the society would not change, because all other members did exactly the same thing as the member that died. The collective conscience of a ***** society is identical among ***** *****, and the bond derives not from dependence on other individuals, but from the dependence on the total social system.

*****, in the industrial society, ***** division of labor increases.

Although in a advanced society ***** perform different tasks and often have different values and interests, the order ***** very survival of ***** depends on *****ir reliance and ***** ***** each other to perform their specific task.

From the above description, it is clear that mechanical solidarity unites members of a society through person*****l bonds or ***** cohesion, which was particular ***** pre*****industrial societies. Th***** mechanical ***** occurred, when all members of a society performed ***** ***** or nearly the same ***** as all others in a society. On the other h*****nd, in the organic solidarity, ***** societies beg***** to modernize, they *****in to industrialize and ***** becomes increasingly specialized.

In modern, industrial societies, labor is tremendously divided. Individuals no longer perform the same *****s, have ***** same interests, nor necessarily share the same perspectives on life. Durkheim explains that this does not cause a society to f*****il or disintegrate; rather the *****ganic solidarity is formed. Like the organs within an *****imal, individuals perform certain specific functions, but rely on the well-being and successful performance of ***** individuals. ***** one organ fails, the rest of *****m fail as well.

Durkheim claims that even where society relies most completely upon the ***** of *****, it does not become a jumble of juxtaposed a*****ms, between ***** it can establish only external, transient contacts. Rather the ***** are united by ties which extend deeper ***** far beyond ***** short moments during which the exchange is made. Each of the functions that they exercise is, in a fixed w*****y, dependent upon others, and with them