Essay - An Examination of Traditional Cultures Before Widespread Westernization, Including a...

An examination of traditional cultures before widespread westernization, including a review of the ********** literature, such as ranking, non-market exchange and systems of production, domestic organization, power, authority, and ***** religious *****. Please focus on Western cultures, with a global perspective.

***** conflict between traditional modern values is age-old; not only does it affect every civilization in its nascent solitude, it stretches far into the encroaching powers of other societies as they meld together ***** larger communities. Never has the gleaning of cultural specifics been more decisive and alternative than in the widespread westernization that ships, monarchs, ***** colonization spread and grew through the years, from ***** Dutch East India Company to Starbucks and MacDonald's. ********** slowly washed away ***** eroded the strong and distinctive traditional cultures that flavored the rest ***** the world, but ***** also joined together the local flavors of ***** separate Western cultures at home. Through power, *****, social hierarchy, religious systems, domestic organiz*****ion, trade and *****, and even the most quotidian aspects, before the dawn of wide***** Westernization, Western cultures were unique, diacritic, and individual.

Culture, that complex whole that incorporates knowledge, belief, morals, customs, and learned social behavior that characterizes the traditional ways of doing things in a particular society, is a concept const*****ntly in flux. With ***** western cultures, despite the all-encompassing ***** that swept Christian culture and modernization across ***** globe, originality engulfs even the most seemingly prosaic *****. French, Saxon, Anglo-Christian, Celtic, and Italian *****s all pervaded the ***** ***** before they molded into a gre*****ter secular, religious force of trade ***** only spreading over Europe ***** the Americas, but through the trade routes to colonies and beyond.

***** the earliest moment in European's history as rapidly developing, studied cultures ***** the widespread dissemination of what historians ***** social scholars have called Westernization, the small geographic territory that has come to define the Western world was frequently *****run by those spreading authority and culture from afar. From ***** fabled battles ***** ancient Greece to the conquests of Rome, ***** of the information available about traditional Western cultures comes from those whose centralized power amassed to ***** point as ***** not only provide domination of external ***** hinterland areas, but also to study them. While the triumvirate ruled solidly ***** Italy, geography and stunted technology prohibited total integration of some of the earliest mass-culture conquerors from abroad; ***** Celts, for example, ***** reknown empire-wide ***** their verbose prowess.

Most of the information about ***** Celtic culture and society comes from the Greek geographer Posidonius, who viewed the islanders ***** the typical prespective ***** conqueror: they were, to him, barbarians.

What they tell us is slanted ***** their perceptions of the Celts as barbarians. Because ***** Celts ***** an oral culture, they left no written records. However, because of the confluence of Celtic and Christian *****, ***** aspects of ***** ***** permeated early Christian ***** material."

***** oral, the ***** Celtic ***** was not ***** stymied in its language but also ***** social