Essay - Hep B Hepatitis B This is Brief Review of a...

Hep B

Hepatitis *****

This is brief review of a case study for a 39 ye*****r old Asian-American man originally from China who was d*****covered to be a chronic carrier of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Over the course of ***** past 2 years he received treatment with the antiviral drug lamivudine. Once he followed up with a **********lthcare provider for basic disease management, it appeared as though he ***** anicteric. His lab work included normal levels ***** aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine ***** (ALT), y=glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, INR (International Normalized Ratio, a coagulation test that depends on the liver's biosynthietic ability), and direct and total bilirubin. His HBV serologic studies demonstrated a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) that was confirmed by neutralization and a neg*****tive antibody to HbsAg, a ***** hepatitis ***** core antibody, a positive hepatitis Be ***** (HbeAg) and a negative assay for antibody to *****. Thus, the report aims to answer how HBV infection is transmitted from person to person and does ***** epidemiology of the infection differ between Asians ***** Western individuals. A second point ***** ***** use the serological results to understand if a person did not have a history ***** chronic ***** with HBV, wh*****t additional serologic test would help determine if the patient has an acute HBV infection or if the ***** is a chronic carrier.

********** B ***** HBV infection c***** be transmitted ***** person to person through when blood or body fluids from an infected person enters the body of a person who is not immune. Thus, HBV is spre*****d ***** the process of sexual contact with an ***** person ********** the protection of a condom. The effic*****cy of latex condoms has ***** *****en completely proven ***** effectively prevent infection with HBV, but proper ***** ***** ***** may reduce transm*****sions. In addition sharing drugs, needles, or 'works' while injecting drugs, needlesticks or sharps exposures in a healthcare setting or from ***** infection from an infected mother to a baby during birth arte all possible transmission concerns. This implies ***** high risk gro*****s are individuals that have multiple sex partners or have diagnosis of some other *****ly transmitted disease, men who have sex ***** ***** *****, sex contact with infected people, injection drug users, household contacts of **********y infected persons, infants born ***** infected mothers, infants or children of immigrants ***** ********** with high rates of HBV infection, health care and public safety workers and hemodialysis *****s. Although the majority ***** the nearly thirty percent of ***** who have Hepatitis B show no signs or symptoms and ***** ***** or symptoms are even less common in children than in adults, searching out the symptoms is a possible indic*****tor to ***** diagnose the disease. ***** ***** include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and joint *****. Based on information released by the CDC, the number ***** new infections annually has declined from approximately 260,000 in ***** 1980's to around 73,000 in 2003. The ********** rate of the disease