Essay - Roy Callista Model Nurse's Challenge the Roy Adaptation Model: from...

Roy Callista Model

***** CHALLENGE

The Roy Adaptation Model:

***** Patient's Survival to Transformation

Biography - Callista Roy was born on October 14, 1939 at the Los Angeles Country General Hospital (Office of the Nurse Theorist 2002). She was named after Saint Callistus, a pope and martyr, from the Roman calendar. She belonged to a big family, who was deeply devoted ***** God and the service of others. Her mother was a nurse who lived and taught the values of faith, hope ***** love to her children. At 14, Callista *****self worked at a large general hospital as a pantry girl, as a maid and *****n ***** a nurse's aid. She entered the convent and became one of the sisters of ***** Joseph of Carondolet for 40 years. During that time, she completed a Nursing course at Mount St. Mary's College in Los Angeles. As a young nun and nurse, ***** worked in hospitals administered by her congregation. This gave her the opportunity to demonstrate her love and concern especially to hospitalized children. This exposure to children led her to enroll in a master's degree program ***** pediatric nursing at ***** University of California ***** Los ***** in 1964. ***** the same time, she received ********** ***** mentors, including Dorothy e. Johnson, Ruth Wu, Connie Robinson ***** Barbara Smith Moran (Office of the Nurse Theorist).

***** Development and Modifications ***** Her Theory ***** During her first seminar under mentor ***** Johnson, Sister ***** proposed that the goal of nursing was patient adaptation, which later became her framework (Gray 2003). The first influences to ***** framework were von Bertalanffy and Helson. They focused on the three types ***** stimuli involved in *****, namely, focal, contextual and residual. Callista used these ***** ***** describing the conditions of the healthy and ***** sick. Her first write-up on this derived model was publi*****d in May 1970. By 1987, at least 100,000 ********** throughout the world acquired *****s that used ********** adaptation model (*****).

Sister Callista Roy's theory has been applied to lessons on osteoporosis ***** breastfeed*****g and emp*****izes the significance of adapting to environmental ***** in order to promote and facilitate healing and recovery (Shaner 2004). While it worked in many cases, critics felt that adaptation was not always the best way to respond to the environment under conditions of poor air quality or toxic substances, for example. It could, *****stead, lead to diseased conditions, such as cancer or asthma, ra*****r than promote or facilitate healing. Florence Nightingale advocated that nurses should adjust ***** conditions to which patients ***** subjected, rather ***** the other ***** around (Gray). There were times when the best option was simply to leave the situation alone, if it cannot be changed. Otherwise, a nurse should intervene in order to ch*****nge the condition or ***** in the environment (Gray).

***** view ***** these observations and developments, Sister Callista modified her ***** ***** redef*****ing adaptation and adjusting ***** philosophy into one ***** viewed persons as extensions of their physical and social