Essay - Strategic Planning Introduction Every Organization Has a Set of Objectives....

Strategic Planning

Introduction

***** organization has a set of objectives. When the organization understands those objectives, *****y then must find a way to get from their current position to that desired future position. Strategic management is at the core of th***** process. ***** management involves making plans, organizing resources, and implementing control *****es, all to guide the organization to its objectives.

The intent of this paper is to present the varying approaches, concepts, theories and frameworks of strategic planning. In the attainment of ***** plans there is the need for significantly greater levels of coordination and synchronization across the many functional areas ***** an *****. Given the overarching ***** long-term nature of strategic planning, theorists have been quick to point out it is also comparable to strategic policy as well, as both plans and policies seek to create a common foundation of longer-term objective attainment. As a result, strategic planning theorists have *****ten discussed the comparable long-range effects of strategic ***** and policy. For example,. Benveniste (1989) often combines the terms of ***** planning ***** strategic policy analysis while Zaltman, Florio, and Sikoski (1977) using the phrase ***** for intentional change to describe strategic planning. Senge (1990), Drucker (1995), Bryson (1995), Hughes (1997), ***** Shapiro and Nunez (2001) used ***** term ***** planning ***** refer to the entire planning process in addition ***** the integration ***** *****es that provide companies differentiation in the areas of strategic planning ***** direction. ***** (1995), in his extensive research on plann*****g processes, sees divergence of opini***** and thought as essential for effective strategic planning. He specific*****y believes that strategic ***** considers the many divergent beliefs and values within an organization and encourages communication and participation among ***** different factions to promote more reasonable and analytical solutions and decisions. ***** contrast, ***** (1997) has defined a strategic plan is the means by which *****s can establish ***** ***** values, purpose, direction and action, all built on consensus and a sense of shared direction. Strategic planning is synonymous with strategic ***** of core ***** by which the organization plans, operates, *****s, or moni*****rs and finally evaluates an on-going basis f***** all its activities and functions. ***** (1990) says ***** an organization cannot foster a pro*****ctive environment without the process of strategic *****. Drucker (1995) explains that strategic planning is a continuous systematic process.

***** ***** Foundational Elements

There are several interrelated ***** ***** provide ***** foundation of strategic planning conceptual frameworks including general system theory, cybernetics theory, chaos theory ***** complex adaptive *****s theory. In addition to these theories, the systems integration and process learning ********** ***** the experience effect as ***** by ***** Boston Consulting Group. Systems ***** is the ***** theory that encompasses each of the theories l*****ted above. Ludwig von Bertalanffy is called the father of the system theory and he created a theory to unify many ***** fields. General system theory is concerned with multiple d*****ciplines on the whole, parts and ***** relationships of the systems ***** their ***** - the structure