Essay - Western Civilization 2 1. the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment...

Western Civilization 2

*****. The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment were significant turning points in history ***** led to religious and political upheaval.

A a) The Enlightenment emerged from the Scientific Revolution. Describe how Enlightenment thinkers viewed human society and behavior and how *****ir approach freed intellectuals to approach politics, policy, the economy ***** religion from wholly new perspectives.

***** Age of Enlightenment is a period in Western ***** that first ***** in Germany, France and the Great Britain, to then exp***** to the o*****r corners of Europe. It represented a crucial moment in the history of mank*****d due to the ideology it implemented and the consequences of this ideology. The primary concept at the basis of the Enlightenment thought was liberty - liberty of speaking, ***** of acting and also equality of rights. They tried ***** adapt *****se ideas to the human society, in an attempt to gain more power for ***** masses. They generally disagreed with monarchy ***** au*****cratic ***** rulers *****d desired for the population to have the power. The central idea of the figures of the Enlightenment Age was for the individual to establish himself independently from social, political or religious doctrines. Otherwise put, the ***** on the existence and life of the ***** would be based on reas*****, rather than established dogmas (Hackett, 1992).

The representatives of the Enlightenment trend encouraged the mem*****rs of ***** to question everything they heard, to search ***** additional information and ***** make their own decisions. A liberalization of though was suggested and this inspired ***** and intellectuals to go outside the classic boundaries and further research ***** fields of interest. This new approach materialized in a major *****tensification of scientific researches, but also new approaches to *****, economics, society and religion. Foremost, this is a time that generated numerous advancements in arts as well.

***** b) Fully expla***** your understanding ***** John Locke's concept of "Natural Law" and why it was and continues to be the catalyst ***** revolutions worldwide.

***** natural law is a wide concept discussed by numerous philosophers, such as Aristotle, Thomas Hob*****s or John Locke. The law basically states ***** there is a higher ***** materialized in the force of nature, a law that is set by the *****, and which has applicability and validity regardless of time or location. Each philosopher has looked at the natural law from a different perspective and has brought new contributions to the theory.

Of particular interest in ***** approach to the ***** law ***** the effect of the law on *****ods. In ***** order of ideas, he believed that accumulation of perishable goods is a sin against nature as the humans' ability to consume *****se goods ***** limited. Therefore, the replacement of ***** goods with durable ***** would no longer constitute a viol*****tion of ***** natural law. His theory ***** points out to the liberty ***** equality of humans, but also the need to distinguish between public and private goods. He argues that a solid ***** c*****n only